Background: We compared vaginal microbial communities in postmenopausal black and white women. Methods: Shotgun sequencing of vaginal swabs from postmenopausal women self-identified as black or white was compared using MiRKAT. Results: Vaginal community dominance by Lactobacillus crispatus or Lactobacillusgasseri was more common in 44 postmenopausal black women (n = 12, 27%) than among 44 matched white women (n = 2, 5%; P = .01). No individual taxa were significantly more abundant in either group. Conclusions: We identified small overall differences in vaginal microbial communities of black and white postmenopausal women. L. crispatus dominance was more common in black women. Clinical trials registration: NCT02516202 (MsFLASH05) and NCT01418209 (MsFLASH03). Keywords: Lactobacillus; postmenopausal; race; vaginal microbiome.